> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://okzkx.gitbook.io/blogs/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://okzkx.gitbook.io/blogs/game-tech/engine/model/animation/animation-programming-basics.md). # animation-programming-basics\_冲突文件\_zkx\_20240828215918 * [Animation Programming Basics - YouTube](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jkv0pbp0ckQ) ### Overview * Skinning * Skeletons * Animations * Root Motion * Synchronization * Events * Motion warping ### Skeletons and Skinning ### Skinning : Deformation Boness ### Skeletons 有用户可修改的骨骼和只有程序可以修改的骨骼 * Core Skeleton * 需要制作几种 * Average Male * Large Female * Bipedal Mech * Gamplay bones * 不用渲染 * Attachement bones (holsters, weapon bones ) * Anchor bones (used to anchor characters in the environment for actions) * IK Target / Offsets * Procedural Bones * 辅助渲染 ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111036629.png) Bind Pose vs Reference Pose * bind pose * mesh skeleton default pose * skin weight * reference pose * animation skeleton default pose * 不常用 两种 Pose 通常是不一样的 ### Multi-part Character 角色的骨骼可以控制多个 Mesh 而不只是自己的 Skin mesh，比如身上的衣服 ### Skeleton Best Practices ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111114774.png) ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111125913.png) Mistake ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111135325.png) 最重要的是分离动画骨骼和渲染骨骼，动画骨骼控制骨骼当前位置，通过两者共同的核心骨骼生成当前的渲染骨骼位置，传给 Gpu 渲染 衣服的动画要和躯干的分离，单独依赖骨骼 ### Animation 动画数据导入和采样 用关键帧数据存在曲线 ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111443645.png) 数据采样 ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111440923.png) ### Animation Sampling ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111504920.png) ### Blending ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111508406.png) #### Coordinate Spaces ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111510825.png) 数据存储在 Parent Space，空间变换到 Character 或 World Space 后交给渲染系统 ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111519482.png) #### Pose API #### Interpolative and Additive Interpolative Blending ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111527502.png) Additive Blending ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111528435.png) Bone Mask ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111530733.png) Global Blend ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111534648.png) ### Root Motion Multiple names * Ground * Displacement * Root * Character Character in Games ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111612394.png) ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111613748.png) Sampling Root Motion ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111631932.png) More use ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111636809.png) Best Practice 角色的 Root 最好和动画的 Root 分开 ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111652077.png) * Projected root 通常会抖动 * 而 Authored root 是直线 ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111659594.png) ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111700733.png) 起点到终点需要保持 z 轴一致，方向一致 ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111704828.png) ### Code vs Anim Driven Code Driven ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111736893.png) Anim Driven ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111739995.png) ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111757201.png) ### Event and Synchronization Events ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111801796.png) Event Sampling ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111804281.png) ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111806085.png) Event Consumers 每帧收集所有的事件给 Event Consumer 消费 ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111812412.png) Event User ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307111822574.png) ### Synchronization 动画同步 ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307121530639.png) 动画速度同步 ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307121532841.png) Sync Track 对 Track 进行同步，可以在最后一个 Sync 进行同步 ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307121538402.png) ### Motion Warping apply root motion，move root to target point #### Basic Procedural Adjustments * Preplace / Add rotation * Replace / Add transform #### Warping * 弯曲运动轨迹 弯曲关键点 ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307121124376.png) ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307121510046.png) #### Sampling Warped Root Motion 可能在路径上有误差 ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307121520898.png) Wrap 可能到中途需要改变目标 ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307121518639.png) 角色旋转时脚步通常用 角度融合 ![image.png](https://image-1253155090.cos.ap-nanjing.myqcloud.com/202307121528658.png)